這篇文章是前天找 inseparable 時搜到的。好像蠻多人轉貼,但是錯誤很多耶,怎麼沒人校對呢?我是中英校對完,去查什麼叫 Phagpa Dudpa Sutra 時,才發現很多網頁轉載的。希望我也貼出來,供大家轉載,不要再以訛傳訛下去了!
寧體:至深心髓(關於覺性狀態之教授)
吉美林巴大師 造 ,邱陽創巴仁波切 英譯
A teaching on the awakened state by the great Dzogchen teacher Jigme Lingpa (1730-1798)
Translated by Chogyam Trungpa Rinpoche
中譯:張志佛
譯者誌:此文乃無畏洲尊者(即吉美林巴大師,龍欽心髓第二代傳承祖師)所造。於中多方闡明修習阿底瑜伽時,行人諸多幽隱禪病及對治之道,稀有難得,罕能值遇。今承上師三寶加持,譯者偶得於紐約某舊書肆;奇文妙寶,豈敢自珍,乃不吝鄙陋,恭譯是文,期供養上師三寶與一切如父如母有情。
瑪哈阿底(大圓滿)
Maha ati
此文乃是棄世緣,修習甯體之行人,攝伏諸般惑亂而作獅子吼。
THIS IS THE LION'S ROAR which subdues the rampant confusions and misunderstandings of those meditators who have abandoned materialistic attachments to meditate on the Innermost Essence.
瑪哈阿底(藏文:佐千)遠離概念,超越取捨,乃諸波羅蜜之精髓,斯亦即唯覺無緣(執),如如不動之不修位也。既明此已,乃以離戲之至忱,於瑪哈阿底申無盡敬禮。
The maha ati [Tib.: dzogchen], which is beyond conceptions and transcends both grasping and letting go, is the essence of transcendental insight. This is the unchanging state of non meditation in which there is awareness but no clinging. Understanding this, I pay ceaseless homage to the maha ati with great simplicity.
此乃阿底之精要,蓮師教敕之心髓,諸空行母之命力,九乘之巔說如是。
唯由心傳上師授,非僅文字語言表;然而最利致力於,最極教敕之修士,
以此故我著是文。此法非緣諸教理,亦非學說中出生,法界寶藏中取出。
Here is the essence of the maha ati tantra,
The innermost heart of Padmakara's teachings,
The life-force of the dakinis.
This is the ultimate teaching of all the nine vehicles.
It can be transmitted only by a guru of the thought lineage
And not by words alone.
Nevertheless I have written this
For the benefit of great meditators
Who are dedicated to the highest teaching.
This teaching was taken from the treasury of dharmadhatu
And is not created out of attachment
To theories and philosophical abstractions.
行人首當尋求與之有善業緣,具成就之心印傳承持明上師,並對上師淨信,庶幾方可傳承上師之證悟。
First the pupil must find an accomplished guru with whom he has a good karmic link. The teacher must be a holder of the thought lineage transmission. The pupil must have single minded devotion and faith, which makes possible the transmission of the teacher's understanding.
瑪哈阿底乃最勝離戲,當體即是,非可譬喻,毋能障蔽,超離一切邊執,亦無可改變形色,當下明晰澄澈。若與之相合,禪修之欲念將自消融,因而解脫禪修與教理學說之束縛,實信乃於焉生起,能思之我亦不復有。如是不以善念生諸益,亦不以惡念生諸害,無記念亦毋得為惑,而以波羅蜜多無盡大界相合,道中進詣之兆將自生起。諸般惑亂、謬誤等猶疑亦不復有。
The maha ati is of the greatest simplicity. It is what is. It cannot be shown by analogy; nothing can obstruct it. It is without limitation and transcends all extremes. It is clear-cut nowness, which can never change its shape or colour. When you become one with this state, the desire to meditate itself dissolves; you are freed from the chain of meditation and philosophy, and conviction is born within you. The thinker has deserted. There is no longer any benefit to be gained from "good" thoughts and no harm is to be suffered from "bad" thoughts. Neutral thoughts can no longer deceive. You become one with transcendental insight and boundless space. Then you will find signs of progress on the path. There is no longer any question of rampant confusions and misunderstandings.
此教敕雖為諸乘之王,然行人概分上等受法者,次等受法者,與不堪受法者。於中,上等受法者甚為稀有;然而師徒或難以遇合,如是竟無有所得,而於瑪哈阿底之實性生出謬解。
Although this teaching is the king of the yanas [vehicles], meditators are divided into those who are highly receptive to it, those who are less receptive and those who are quite unreceptive. The most highly receptive pupils are hard to find, and it sometimes happens that teacher and pupil are unable to find a true meeting point. In such a case nothing is gained and misconceptions may arise concerning the nature of maha ati.
次等受法者始於研習教理而漸生解悟。今日頗有學人以之為實修;彼等之禪修或亦澄清無念,鬆坦安適,然此僅短暫之樂受,卻誤認此即正定,無人能過之,並謂已得證悟而生自滿。是故,若無勝師指正,彼等所有僅是名言覺受。如瑪哈阿底之經續所云:「學理〔解悟〕如衣上補綻--終將分離。」
Those who are less receptive begin by studying the theory and gradually develop the feeling and true understanding. Nowadays many people regard the theory as being the meditation. Their meditation may be clear and devoid of thoughts and it may be relaxing and enjoyable, but this is merely the temporary experiencing of bliss. They think this is meditation and that no one knows any better than them. They think, "I have attained this understanding:' and they are proud of themselves. Then, if there is no competent teacher, their experience is only theoretical. As it is said in the scriptures of maha ati: "Theory is like a patch on a coat ..one day it will come apart."
學人每每揀擇善與惡念,此無異分離乳、水。諸人但能接受此生之苦受,卻無能以樂受為道。縱是大言已達最大極證悟者,亦纏縛於世間八法,而為天魔引誘,此意味彼實不了六識之自解脫。如是人等視聲譽為妙善之物,此不無異顛倒黑白,倡言烏鴉是白色的。於不念世間名譽,專注修行之行者,縱有較善境界,亦不可自滿,當於每日四時修上師相應法,亦祈求上師加持而得與師心相合,豁開正眼。
People often try to discriminate between "good" thoughts and "bad" thoughts, like trying to separate milk from water. It is easy enough to accept the negative experiences in life but much harder to see the positive experiences as part of the path. Even those who claim to have reached the highest stage of realization are completely involved with worldly concerns and fame. They are attracted by Devaputra [personification of the force which causes attraction to sense objects]. This means they have not realized the self-liberation of the six senses. Such people regard fame as extraordinary and miraculous. This is like claiming that a raven is white. But those who are completely dedicated to the practice of dharma without being concerned about worldly fame and glory should not become too self-satisfied on account of their higher developments of meditation. They must practice the Guru Yoga throughout the four periods of the day in order to receive the blessings of the guru and to merge their minds with his and open the eye of insight.
若已生此覺受者,慎勿輕忽;當以此無比堅忍,奉獻今生,修持於是,則於空性之體驗將更趨寂靜,並將歷驗更勝之明晰鑒慧。複次,行者將漸體悟散亂之過患,而開啟抉擇智。亦有人等以念與無念為禪修之道;然而於中了知諸般起現者,蓋係緊縛之我執也,此應銘記於心。
Once this experience is attained it should not be disregarded. The yogi should thenceforth dedicate himself to this practice with unremitting perseverance. Subsequently his experience of the void will become more peaceful, or he will experience greater clarity and insight. Or again, he may begin to realize the shortcomings of discursive thoughts and thereby develop discriminating wisdom. Some individuals will be able to use both thoughts and the absence of thoughts as meditation, but it should be borne in mind that that which notes what is happening is the tight grip of ego.
行人於當析辨諸般歷驗之微細礙難,心存警惕,以其甚危也;蓋於時或過速標誌諸念為法身。應以當下無遷變、無錯謬之智以為對治。若得解脫教理臆想之束縛,行人將於行持中逐漸長養妙觀透析之覺性。若爾析辨座上座下之種種體驗者,將蹈入歧途,肇致諸多錯謬。若毋能明瞭己過,行人永不得證超越言思,當下自顯不斷之鑒慧;彼之所有,無非是止於言思之斷滅空見,此實為諸劣乘之徵也。
Look out for the subtle hindrance of trying to analyze experiences. This is a great danger. It is too early to label all thoughts as dharmakaya [the body of ultimate truth]. The remedy is the wisdom of nowness, changeless and unfailing. Once freed from the bondage of philosophical speculation, the meditator develops penetrating awareness in his practice. If he analyzes his meditation and post-meditation experiences, he will be led astray and make many mistakes. If he fails to understand his shortcomings, he will never gain the free-flowing insight of nowness, beyond all concepts. He will have only a conceptual and nihilistic view of the void, which is characteristic of the lesser yanas.
若視空性如幻,僅是生動之「感知」與「空無」之相合,亦說為謬誤,此乃諸次續之覺受也;彼或肇因於不當修習梭巴哇咒。妄念既經調伏已,若舉心持「明」,視本心一片空蕩(空白)者,亦是錯謬。真實之鑒慧,乃是與念及寂靜具起覺智。據馬哈阿底之教敕,禪修乃明瞭心中諸般起現,而乃安住於當下。若於座下能令此相續不斷,謂之「座下覺受(經驗)」。
It is also a mistake to regard the void as a mirage, as though it was merely a combination of vivid perceptions and nothingness. This is the experience of the lower mantras, which might be induced by practice of the Svabhava mantra. It is likewise a mistake, when discursive thoughts are pacified, to overlook the clarity and regard the mind as merely blank. The experience of true insight is the simultaneous awareness of both stillness and active thoughts. According to the maha ati teaching, meditation consists of seeing whatever arises in the mind and simply remaining in the state of nowness. Continuing in this state after meditation is known as "the post-meditation experience."
欲「專注」於空性,及於座下以識心造作觀諸境如幻者,皆說為過謬。所謂「本來鑒慧」,乃不為念起所影響者。是故監守「動」心,意欲禁制之,及壓制諸念之斷滅行,皆屬謬誤。
It is a mistake to try to concentrate on emptiness and, after meditation, intellectually to regard everything as a mirage. Primordial insight is the state which is not influenced by the undergrowth of thoughts. It is a mistake to be on guard against the wandering mind or to try and imprison the mind in the ascetic practice of suppressing thoughts.
頗有人等以「當下」為心中瞬起之諸念。「當下」實乃本來覺智,具如前述。
Some people may misunderstand the term "nowness" and take it to refer to whatever thoughts happen to be in their mind at the moment. Nowness should be understood as being the primeval insight already described.
若於修與無修再無揀擇,無修位乃於彼心中出生,於時行人不再試圖改變或延長禪境,而有離諸疑之遍喜,其大異於感官之樂受與世俗享樂。
The state of non meditation is born in the heart when one no longer discriminates between meditation and non-meditation and one is no longer tempted to change or prolong the state of meditation. There is all-pervading joy, free from all doubts. This is different from the enjoyment of sensual pleasures or from mere happiness.
所言「明」者,乃謂離諸沈闇。此「明」無礙遍照與淨覺(pure energy)無別。若以之為曉了內心諸念與外境形色者,皆屬錯謬。
When we speak of "clarity" we are referring to that state which is free from sloth and dullness. This clarity, inseparable from pure energy, shines forth unobstructed. It is a mistake to equate clarity with awareness of thoughts and the colors and shapes of external phenomena.
若離諸想念,則行人全然浸於無念大空。此「無念」者,非謂昏昧不覺或斷絕六根,實乃不為心念所動。樂、明、無念等禪修三兆,可於修中自然出生,若欲造作生起,則仍不脫輪迴之界。
When thoughts are absent the meditator is completely immersed in the space of non-thought. The "absence of thoughts" does not mean unconsciousness or sleep or withdrawal from the senses, but simply being unmoved by conflict. The three signs of meditation clarity, joy and absence of thoughts may occur naturally when a person meditates, but if an effort is made to create them the meditator still remains in the circle of samsara.
於空性說有四種謬見。若未能現觀「當下」之大界,唯想像空性唯一片虛無者,是為錯謬。若不了「當下」無有道、果,而欲離此外覓法身、佛性者,說為過謬。若欲對治諸念,而不了其性空可如蛇解自結者,亦是謬誤。若持斷滅見,以為唯此「空無」,於皆非有,無因無果、修與修者,毋能親證空性實乃超越言思者,亦說為過謬。
There are four mistaken views of the void. It is a mistake to imagine that the void is merely empty without seeing the wild space of nowness. It is a mistake to seek the buddha nature in external sources, without realizing that nowness knows no path or goal. It is a mistake to try to introduce some remedy for thoughts without realizing that thoughts are by nature void and that one can free oneself like a snake unwinding. It is also a mistake to hold a nihilistic view that there is nothing but the void, no cause and effect of karma and no meditator nor meditation, failing to experience the void which is beyond conceptions.
於彼等具少許體悟者,當明瞭修習空性之諸般險隘,並精研於斯。說理何難,談空甚易,然行人或仍未能應對諸境。馬哈阿底續云:
Those who have had glimpses of realization must know these dangers and study them thoroughly. It is easy to theorize and talk eloquently about the void, but the meditator may still be unable to deal with certain situations. In a maha ati text it is said:
「暫生之悟如雲霧,終將消散定無疑。」故修士若未審慎研習上述之險隘者,終不能戮力制心,嚴格閉關,乃至觀想、誦咒與修持瑜伽中獲致任何法益。如經云:
"Temporary realization is like a mist which will surely disappear” Meditators who have not studied these dangers will never derive any benefit from being in strict retreat or forcibly restraining the mind, nor from visualizing, reciting mantras or practicing Hathayoga. As is said in the Phagpa Dudpa Sutra,
「不了獨居之真義,縱離人煙五百里,蛇居荒谷經年修,所得無非大我慢。」
"A Bodhisattva who does not know the real meaning of solitude,
Even if he meditates for many years in a remote valley full of poisonous snakes,
Five hundred miles from the nearest habitation,
Would develop overwhelming pride."
修士若能以諸般起現為道,其身即是關房,更無需攢積禪修之年月。於悚然妄念生起之際,亦無所驚恐;其覺性無散如老人觀兒戲般。具如瑪哈阿底經續中云:「圓滿之證悟如無遷變之大空。」
If the meditator is able to use whatever occurs in his life as the path, his body becomes a retreat hut. He does not need to add up the number of years he has been meditating and does not panic when "shocking" thoughts arise. His awareness remains unbroken like that of an old man watching a child at play. As is said in a maha ati text: "Complete realization is like unchanging space."
瑪哈阿底之修士雖外現常行,然其覺性完全消融於當下;以親見顯現萬有盡是上師壇城故,再於無需於經卷(名言):於修道次第亦無有冀慮,任運瞬顯一切行持,利益所有眾生。一如瓶闕裂時,瓶中之氣與周遭相合般;當修士捨報,離此色身之際,其覺性亦將與法身合一,等無有異。
The yogi of maha ati may look like an ordinary person but his awareness is completely absorbed in nowness. He has no need of books because he sees apparent phenomena and the whole of existence as the mandala of the guru. For him there is no speculation about the stages on the path. His actions are spontaneous and therefore benefit all sentient beings. When he leaves the physical body his consciousness becomes one with the dharmakaya, just as the air in a vase merges with the surrounding space when the vase is broken.
摘自邱陽創巴仁波切《手印》
From 《Mudra》, by Chogyam Trungpa